---
title: Unauthenticated storefront
description: >-
  Allows interacting with the Storefront API when working outside of Shopify
  requests.

  This enables apps to integrate with 3rd party services and perform background
  tasks.


  > Caution:

  > This function doesn't perform **any** validation and shouldn't rely on raw
  user input.


  When using this function, consider the following:


  #### Background tasks


  Apps should ensure that the shop domain is authenticated when enqueueing jobs.


  #### 3rd party service requests


  Apps must obtain the shop domain from the 3rd party service in a secure way.
api_version: v2
api_name: shopify-app-remix
source_url:
  html: >-
    https://shopify.dev/docs/api/shopify-app-remix/v2/unauthenticated/unauthenticated-storefront
  md: >-
    https://shopify.dev/docs/api/shopify-app-remix/v2/unauthenticated/unauthenticated-storefront.md
---

# Unauthenticated storefront

Allows interacting with the Storefront API when working outside of Shopify requests. This enables apps to integrate with 3rd party services and perform background tasks.

Caution

This function doesn't perform **any** validation and shouldn't rely on raw user input.

When using this function, consider the following:

#### Background tasks

Apps should ensure that the shop domain is authenticated when enqueueing jobs.

#### 3rd party service requests

Apps must obtain the shop domain from the 3rd party service in a secure way.

## unauthenticated.​storefront([shop](#unauthenticatedstorefront-propertydetail-shop)​)

Creates an unauthenticated Storefront context.

### Parameters

* shop

  string

  required

### Returns

* Promise\<UnauthenticatedStorefrontContext>

### UnauthenticatedStorefrontContext

* session

  The session for the given shop. This comes from the session storage which \`shopifyApp\` uses to store sessions in your database of choice. This will always be an offline session. You can use this to get shop specific data.

  ```ts
  Session
  ```

* storefront

  Method for interacting with the Shopify GraphQL Storefront API for the given store.

  ```ts
  StorefrontContext
  ```

````ts
export interface UnauthenticatedStorefrontContext {
  /**
   * The session for the given shop.
   *
   * This comes from the session storage which `shopifyApp` uses to store sessions in your database of choice.
   *
   * This will always be an offline session. You can use this to get shop specific data.
   *
   * @example
   * <caption>Using the offline session.</caption>
   * <description>Get your app's shop-specific data using the returned offline `session` object.</description>
   * ```ts
   * // app/routes/**\/.ts
   * import { LoaderFunctionArgs, json } from "@remix-run/node";
   * import { unauthenticated } from "../shopify.server";
   * import { getMyAppData } from "~/db/model.server";
   *
   * export const loader = async ({ request }: LoaderFunctionArgs) => {
   *   const shop = getShopFromExternalRequest(request);
   *   const { session } = await unauthenticated.storefront(shop);
   *   return json(await getMyAppData({shop: session.shop));
   * };
   * ```
   */
  session: Session;

  /**
   * Method for interacting with the Shopify GraphQL Storefront API for the given store.
   */
  storefront: StorefrontContext;
}
````

### Session

Stores App information from logged in merchants so they can make authenticated requests to the Admin API.

* id

  The unique identifier for the session.

  ```ts
  string
  ```

* shop

  The Shopify shop domain, such as \`example.myshopify.com\`.

  ```ts
  string
  ```

* state

  The state of the session. Used for the OAuth authentication code flow.

  ```ts
  string
  ```

* isOnline

  Whether the access token in the session is online or offline.

  ```ts
  boolean
  ```

* scope

  The desired scopes for the access token, at the time the session was created.

  ```ts
  string
  ```

* expires

  The date the access token expires.

  ```ts
  Date
  ```

* accessToken

  The access token for the session.

  ```ts
  string
  ```

* onlineAccessInfo

  Information on the user for the session. Only present for online sessions.

  ```ts
  OnlineAccessInfo
  ```

* isActive

  Whether the session is active. Active sessions have an access token that is not expired, and has the given scopes.

  ```ts
  (scopes: string | string[] | AuthScopes) => boolean
  ```

* isScopeChanged

  Whether the access token has the given scopes.

  ```ts
  (scopes: string | string[] | AuthScopes) => boolean
  ```

* isExpired

  Whether the access token is expired.

  ```ts
  (withinMillisecondsOfExpiry?: number) => boolean
  ```

* toObject

  Converts an object with data into a Session.

  ```ts
  () => SessionParams
  ```

* equals

  Checks whether the given session is equal to this session.

  ```ts
  (other: Session) => boolean
  ```

* toPropertyArray

  Converts the session into an array of key-value pairs.

  ```ts
  (returnUserData?: boolean) => [string, string | number | boolean][]
  ```

```ts
export class Session {
  public static fromPropertyArray(
    entries: [string, string | number | boolean][],
    returnUserData = false,
  ): Session {
    if (!Array.isArray(entries)) {
      throw new InvalidSession(
        'The parameter is not an array: a Session cannot be created from this object.',
      );
    }

    const obj = Object.fromEntries(
      entries
        .filter(([_key, value]) => value !== null && value !== undefined)
        // Sanitize keys
        .map(([key, value]) => {
          switch (key.toLowerCase()) {
            case 'isonline':
              return ['isOnline', value];
            case 'accesstoken':
              return ['accessToken', value];
            case 'onlineaccessinfo':
              return ['onlineAccessInfo', value];
            case 'userid':
              return ['userId', value];
            case 'firstname':
              return ['firstName', value];
            case 'lastname':
              return ['lastName', value];
            case 'accountowner':
              return ['accountOwner', value];
            case 'emailverified':
              return ['emailVerified', value];
            default:
              return [key.toLowerCase(), value];
          }
        }),
    );

    const sessionData = {} as SessionParams;
    const onlineAccessInfo = {
      associated_user: {},
    } as OnlineAccessInfo;
    Object.entries(obj).forEach(([key, value]) => {
      switch (key) {
        case 'isOnline':
          if (typeof value === 'string') {
            sessionData[key] = value.toString().toLowerCase() === 'true';
          } else if (typeof value === 'number') {
            sessionData[key] = Boolean(value);
          } else {
            sessionData[key] = value;
          }
          break;
        case 'scope':
          sessionData[key] = value.toString();
          break;
        case 'expires':
          sessionData[key] = value ? new Date(Number(value)) : undefined;
          break;
        case 'onlineAccessInfo':
          onlineAccessInfo.associated_user.id = Number(value);
          break;
        case 'userId':
          if (returnUserData) {
            onlineAccessInfo.associated_user.id = Number(value);
            break;
          }
        case 'firstName':
          if (returnUserData) {
            onlineAccessInfo.associated_user.first_name = String(value);
            break;
          }
        case 'lastName':
          if (returnUserData) {
            onlineAccessInfo.associated_user.last_name = String(value);
            break;
          }
        case 'email':
          if (returnUserData) {
            onlineAccessInfo.associated_user.email = String(value);
            break;
          }
        case 'accountOwner':
          if (returnUserData) {
            onlineAccessInfo.associated_user.account_owner = Boolean(value);
            break;
          }
        case 'locale':
          if (returnUserData) {
            onlineAccessInfo.associated_user.locale = String(value);
            break;
          }
        case 'collaborator':
          if (returnUserData) {
            onlineAccessInfo.associated_user.collaborator = Boolean(value);
            break;
          }
        case 'emailVerified':
          if (returnUserData) {
            onlineAccessInfo.associated_user.email_verified = Boolean(value);
            break;
          }
        // Return any user keys as passed in
        default:
          sessionData[key] = value;
      }
    });
    if (sessionData.isOnline) {
      sessionData.onlineAccessInfo = onlineAccessInfo;
    }
    const session = new Session(sessionData);
    return session;
  }

  /**
   * The unique identifier for the session.
   */
  readonly id: string;
  /**
   * The Shopify shop domain, such as `example.myshopify.com`.
   */
  public shop: string;
  /**
   * The state of the session. Used for the OAuth authentication code flow.
   */
  public state: string;
  /**
   * Whether the access token in the session is online or offline.
   */
  public isOnline: boolean;
  /**
   * The desired scopes for the access token, at the time the session was created.
   */
  public scope?: string;
  /**
   * The date the access token expires.
   */
  public expires?: Date;
  /**
   * The access token for the session.
   */
  public accessToken?: string;
  /**
   * Information on the user for the session. Only present for online sessions.
   */
  public onlineAccessInfo?: OnlineAccessInfo;

  constructor(params: SessionParams) {
    Object.assign(this, params);
  }

  /**
   * Whether the session is active. Active sessions have an access token that is not expired, and has the given scopes.
   */
  public isActive(scopes: AuthScopes | string | string[]): boolean {
    return (
      !this.isScopeChanged(scopes) &&
      Boolean(this.accessToken) &&
      !this.isExpired()
    );
  }

  /**
   * Whether the access token has the given scopes.
   */
  public isScopeChanged(scopes: AuthScopes | string | string[]): boolean {
    const scopesObject =
      scopes instanceof AuthScopes ? scopes : new AuthScopes(scopes);

    return !scopesObject.equals(this.scope);
  }

  /**
   * Whether the access token is expired.
   */
  public isExpired(withinMillisecondsOfExpiry = 0): boolean {
    return Boolean(
      this.expires &&
        this.expires.getTime() - withinMillisecondsOfExpiry < Date.now(),
    );
  }

  /**
   * Converts an object with data into a Session.
   */
  public toObject(): SessionParams {
    const object: SessionParams = {
      id: this.id,
      shop: this.shop,
      state: this.state,
      isOnline: this.isOnline,
    };

    if (this.scope) {
      object.scope = this.scope;
    }
    if (this.expires) {
      object.expires = this.expires;
    }
    if (this.accessToken) {
      object.accessToken = this.accessToken;
    }
    if (this.onlineAccessInfo) {
      object.onlineAccessInfo = this.onlineAccessInfo;
    }
    return object;
  }

  /**
   * Checks whether the given session is equal to this session.
   */
  public equals(other: Session | undefined): boolean {
    if (!other) return false;

    const mandatoryPropsMatch =
      this.id === other.id &&
      this.shop === other.shop &&
      this.state === other.state &&
      this.isOnline === other.isOnline;

    if (!mandatoryPropsMatch) return false;

    const copyA = this.toPropertyArray(true);
    copyA.sort(([k1], [k2]) => (k1 < k2 ? -1 : 1));

    const copyB = other.toPropertyArray(true);
    copyB.sort(([k1], [k2]) => (k1 < k2 ? -1 : 1));

    return JSON.stringify(copyA) === JSON.stringify(copyB);
  }

  /**
   * Converts the session into an array of key-value pairs.
   */
  public toPropertyArray(
    returnUserData = false,
  ): [string, string | number | boolean][] {
    return (
      Object.entries(this)
        .filter(
          ([key, value]) =>
            propertiesToSave.includes(key) &&
            value !== undefined &&
            value !== null,
        )
        // Prepare values for db storage
        .flatMap(([key, value]): [string, string | number | boolean][] => {
          switch (key) {
            case 'expires':
              return [[key, value ? value.getTime() : undefined]];
            case 'onlineAccessInfo':
              // eslint-disable-next-line no-negated-condition
              if (!returnUserData) {
                return [[key, value.associated_user.id]];
              } else {
                return [
                  ['userId', value?.associated_user?.id],
                  ['firstName', value?.associated_user?.first_name],
                  ['lastName', value?.associated_user?.last_name],
                  ['email', value?.associated_user?.email],
                  ['locale', value?.associated_user?.locale],
                  ['emailVerified', value?.associated_user?.email_verified],
                  ['accountOwner', value?.associated_user?.account_owner],
                  ['collaborator', value?.associated_user?.collaborator],
                ];
              }
            default:
              return [[key, value]];
          }
        })
        // Filter out tuples with undefined values
        .filter(([_key, value]) => value !== undefined)
    );
  }
}
```

### OnlineAccessInfo

* expires\_in

  How long the access token is valid for, in seconds.

  ```ts
  number
  ```

* associated\_user\_scope

  The effective set of scopes for the session.

  ```ts
  string
  ```

* associated\_user

  The user associated with the access token.

  ```ts
  OnlineAccessUser
  ```

```ts
export interface OnlineAccessInfo {
  /**
   * How long the access token is valid for, in seconds.
   */
  expires_in: number;
  /**
   * The effective set of scopes for the session.
   */
  associated_user_scope: string;
  /**
   * The user associated with the access token.
   */
  associated_user: OnlineAccessUser;
}
```

### OnlineAccessUser

* id

  The user's ID.

  ```ts
  number
  ```

* first\_name

  The user's first name.

  ```ts
  string
  ```

* last\_name

  The user's last name.

  ```ts
  string
  ```

* email

  The user's email address.

  ```ts
  string
  ```

* email\_verified

  Whether the user has verified their email address.

  ```ts
  boolean
  ```

* account\_owner

  Whether the user is the account owner.

  ```ts
  boolean
  ```

* locale

  The user's locale.

  ```ts
  string
  ```

* collaborator

  Whether the user is a collaborator.

  ```ts
  boolean
  ```

```ts
export interface OnlineAccessUser {
  /**
   * The user's ID.
   */
  id: number;
  /**
   * The user's first name.
   */
  first_name: string;
  /**
   * The user's last name.
   */
  last_name: string;
  /**
   * The user's email address.
   */
  email: string;
  /**
   * Whether the user has verified their email address.
   */
  email_verified: boolean;
  /**
   * Whether the user is the account owner.
   */
  account_owner: boolean;
  /**
   * The user's locale.
   */
  locale: string;
  /**
   * Whether the user is a collaborator.
   */
  collaborator: boolean;
}
```

### AuthScopes

A class that represents a set of access token scopes.

* has

  Checks whether the current set of scopes includes the given one.

  ```ts
  (scope: string | string[] | AuthScopes) => boolean
  ```

* equals

  Checks whether the current set of scopes equals the given one.

  ```ts
  (otherScopes: string | string[] | AuthScopes) => boolean
  ```

* toString

  Returns a comma-separated string with the current set of scopes.

  ```ts
  () => string
  ```

* toArray

  Returns an array with the current set of scopes.

  ```ts
  () => any[]
  ```

```ts
class AuthScopes {
  public static SCOPE_DELIMITER = ',';

  private compressedScopes: Set<string>;
  private expandedScopes: Set<string>;

  constructor(scopes: string | string[] | AuthScopes | undefined) {
    let scopesArray: string[] = [];
    if (typeof scopes === 'string') {
      scopesArray = scopes.split(
        new RegExp(`${AuthScopes.SCOPE_DELIMITER}\\s*`),
      );
    } else if (Array.isArray(scopes)) {
      scopesArray = scopes;
    } else if (scopes) {
      scopesArray = Array.from(scopes.expandedScopes);
    }

    scopesArray = scopesArray
      .map((scope) => scope.trim())
      .filter((scope) => scope.length);

    const impliedScopes = this.getImpliedScopes(scopesArray);

    const scopeSet = new Set(scopesArray);
    const impliedSet = new Set(impliedScopes);

    this.compressedScopes = new Set(
      [...scopeSet].filter((x) => !impliedSet.has(x)),
    );
    this.expandedScopes = new Set([...scopeSet, ...impliedSet]);
  }

  /**
   * Checks whether the current set of scopes includes the given one.
   */
  public has(scope: string | string[] | AuthScopes | undefined) {
    let other: AuthScopes;

    if (scope instanceof AuthScopes) {
      other = scope;
    } else {
      other = new AuthScopes(scope);
    }

    return (
      other.toArray().filter((x) => !this.expandedScopes.has(x)).length === 0
    );
  }

  /**
   * Checks whether the current set of scopes equals the given one.
   */
  public equals(otherScopes: string | string[] | AuthScopes | undefined) {
    let other: AuthScopes;

    if (otherScopes instanceof AuthScopes) {
      other = otherScopes;
    } else {
      other = new AuthScopes(otherScopes);
    }

    return (
      this.compressedScopes.size === other.compressedScopes.size &&
      this.toArray().filter((x) => !other.has(x)).length === 0
    );
  }

  /**
   * Returns a comma-separated string with the current set of scopes.
   */
  public toString() {
    return this.toArray().join(AuthScopes.SCOPE_DELIMITER);
  }

  /**
   * Returns an array with the current set of scopes.
   */
  public toArray() {
    return [...this.compressedScopes];
  }

  private getImpliedScopes(scopesArray: string[]): string[] {
    return scopesArray.reduce((array: string[], current: string) => {
      const matches = current.match(/^(unauthenticated_)?write_(.*)$/);
      if (matches) {
        array.push(`${matches[1] ? matches[1] : ''}read_${matches[2]}`);
      }

      return array;
    }, []);
  }
}
```

### SessionParams

* \[key: string]

  ```ts
  any
  ```

* id

  The unique identifier for the session.

  ```ts
  string
  ```

* shop

  The Shopify shop domain.

  ```ts
  string
  ```

* state

  The state of the session. Used for the OAuth authentication code flow.

  ```ts
  string
  ```

* isOnline

  Whether the access token in the session is online or offline.

  ```ts
  boolean
  ```

* scope

  The scopes for the access token.

  ```ts
  string
  ```

* expires

  The date the access token expires.

  ```ts
  Date
  ```

* accessToken

  The access token for the session.

  ```ts
  string
  ```

* onlineAccessInfo

  Information on the user for the session. Only present for online sessions.

  ```ts
  OnlineAccessInfo | StoredOnlineAccessInfo
  ```

```ts
export interface SessionParams {
  /**
   * The unique identifier for the session.
   */
  readonly id: string;
  /**
   * The Shopify shop domain.
   */
  shop: string;
  /**
   * The state of the session. Used for the OAuth authentication code flow.
   */
  state: string;
  /**
   * Whether the access token in the session is online or offline.
   */
  isOnline: boolean;
  /**
   * The scopes for the access token.
   */
  scope?: string;
  /**
   * The date the access token expires.
   */
  expires?: Date;
  /**
   * The access token for the session.
   */
  accessToken?: string;
  /**
   * Information on the user for the session. Only present for online sessions.
   */
  onlineAccessInfo?: OnlineAccessInfo | StoredOnlineAccessInfo;
  /**
   * Additional properties of the session allowing for extension
   */
  [key: string]: any;
}
```

### StoredOnlineAccessInfo

```ts
Omit<OnlineAccessInfo, 'associated_user'> & {
  associated_user: Partial<OnlineAccessUser>;
}
```

### StorefrontContext

* graphql

  Method for interacting with the Shopify Storefront GraphQL API If you're getting incorrect type hints in the Shopify template, follow \[these instructions]\(https://github.com/Shopify/shopify-app-template-remix/tree/main#incorrect-graphql-hints).

  ```ts
  GraphQLClient<StorefrontOperations>
  ```

````ts
export interface StorefrontContext {
  /**
   * Method for interacting with the Shopify Storefront GraphQL API
   *
   * If you're getting incorrect type hints in the Shopify template, follow [these instructions](https://github.com/Shopify/shopify-app-template-remix/tree/main#incorrect-graphql-hints).
   *
   * {@link https://shopify.dev/docs/api/storefront}
   *
   * @example
   * <caption>Querying the GraphQL API.</caption>
   * <description>Use `storefront.graphql` to make query / mutation requests.</description>
   * ```ts
   * // app/routes/**\/.ts
   * import { json } from "@remix-run/node";
   * import { authenticate } from "../shopify.server";
   *
   * export async function action({ request }: ActionFunctionArgs) {
   *   const { storefront } = await authenticate.public.appProxy(request);
   *
   *   const response = await storefront.graphql(`{blogs(first: 10) { edges { node { id } } } }`);
   *
   *   return json(await response.json());
   * }
   * ```
   *
   * @example
   * <caption>Handling GraphQL errors.</caption>
   * <description>Catch `GraphqlQueryError` errors to see error messages from the API.</description>
   * ```ts
   * // /app/routes/**\/*.ts
   * import { ActionFunctionArgs } from "@remix-run/node";
   * import { authenticate } from "../shopify.server";
   *
   * export const action = async ({ request }: ActionFunctionArgs) => {
   *   const { storefront } = await authenticate.public.appProxy(request);
   *
   *   try {
   *     const response = await storefront.graphql(
   *       `#graphql
   *       query incorrectQuery {
   *         products(first: 10) {
   *           nodes {
   *             not_a_field
   *           }
   *         }
   *       }`,
   *     );
   *
   *     return json({ data: await response.json() });
   *   } catch (error) {
   *     if (error instanceof GraphqlQueryError) {
   *       // { errors: { graphQLErrors: [
   *       //   { message: "Field 'not_a_field' doesn't exist on type 'Product'" }
   *       // ] } }
   *       return json({ errors: error.body?.errors }, { status: 500 });
   *     }
   *     return json({ message: "An error occurred" }, { status: 500 });
   *   }
   * }
   * ```
   *
   * ```ts
   * // /app/shopify.server.ts
   * import { shopifyApp } from "@shopify/shopify-app-remix/server";
   *
   * const shopify = shopifyApp({
   *   // ...
   * });
   * export default shopify;
   * export const authenticate = shopify.authenticate;
   * ```
   */
  graphql: GraphQLClient<StorefrontOperations>;
}
````

### GraphQLClient

* query

  ```ts
  Operation extends keyof Operations
  ```

* options

  ```ts
  GraphQLQueryOptions<Operation, Operations>
  ```

interface Promise\<T> { /\*\* \* Attaches callbacks for the resolution and/or rejection of the Promise. \* @param onfulfilled The callback to execute when the Promise is resolved. \* @param onrejected The callback to execute when the Promise is rejected. \* @returns A Promise for the completion of which ever callback is executed. \*/ then\<TResult1 = T, TResult2 = never>(onfulfilled?: ((value: T) => TResult1 | PromiseLike\<TResult1>) | undefined | null, onrejected?: ((reason: any) => TResult2 | PromiseLike\<TResult2>) | undefined | null): Promise\<TResult1 | TResult2>; /\*\* \* Attaches a callback for only the rejection of the Promise. \* @param onrejected The callback to execute when the Promise is rejected. \* @returns A Promise for the completion of the callback. \*/ catch\<TResult = never>(onrejected?: ((reason: any) => TResult | PromiseLike\<TResult>) | undefined | null): Promise\<T | TResult>; }, interface Promise\<T> {}, Promise: PromiseConstructor, interface Promise\<T> { readonly \[Symbol.toStringTag]: string; }, interface Promise\<T> { /\*\* \* Attaches a callback that is invoked when the Promise is settled (fulfilled or rejected). The \* resolved value cannot be modified from the callback. \* @param onfinally The callback to execute when the Promise is settled (fulfilled or rejected). \* @returns A Promise for the completion of the callback. \*/ finally(onfinally?: (() => void) | undefined | null): Promise\<T>; }

```ts
interface Promise<T> {
    /**
     * Attaches callbacks for the resolution and/or rejection of the Promise.
     * @param onfulfilled The callback to execute when the Promise is resolved.
     * @param onrejected The callback to execute when the Promise is rejected.
     * @returns A Promise for the completion of which ever callback is executed.
     */
    then<TResult1 = T, TResult2 = never>(onfulfilled?: ((value: T) => TResult1 | PromiseLike<TResult1>) | undefined | null, onrejected?: ((reason: any) => TResult2 | PromiseLike<TResult2>) | undefined | null): Promise<TResult1 | TResult2>;

    /**
     * Attaches a callback for only the rejection of the Promise.
     * @param onrejected The callback to execute when the Promise is rejected.
     * @returns A Promise for the completion of the callback.
     */
    catch<TResult = never>(onrejected?: ((reason: any) => TResult | PromiseLike<TResult>) | undefined | null): Promise<T | TResult>;
}, interface Promise<T> {}, Promise: PromiseConstructor, interface Promise<T> {
    readonly [Symbol.toStringTag]: string;
}, interface Promise<T> {
    /**
     * Attaches a callback that is invoked when the Promise is settled (fulfilled or rejected). The
     * resolved value cannot be modified from the callback.
     * @param onfinally The callback to execute when the Promise is settled (fulfilled or rejected).
     * @returns A Promise for the completion of the callback.
     */
    finally(onfinally?: (() => void) | undefined | null): Promise<T>;
}
```

```ts
export type GraphQLClient<Operations extends AllOperations> = <
  Operation extends keyof Operations,
>(
  query: Operation,
  options?: GraphQLQueryOptions<Operation, Operations>,
) => Promise<GraphQLResponse<Operation, Operations>>;
```

### GraphQLQueryOptions

* variables

  The variables to pass to the operation.

  ```ts
  ApiClientRequestOptions<Operation, Operations>["variables"]
  ```

* apiVersion

  The version of the API to use for the request.

  ```ts
  ApiVersion
  ```

* headers

  Additional headers to include in the request.

  ```ts
  Record<string, any>
  ```

* tries

  The total number of times to try the request if it fails.

  ```ts
  number
  ```

```ts
export interface GraphQLQueryOptions<
  Operation extends keyof Operations,
  Operations extends AllOperations,
> {
  /**
   * The variables to pass to the operation.
   */
  variables?: ApiClientRequestOptions<Operation, Operations>['variables'];
  /**
   * The version of the API to use for the request.
   */
  apiVersion?: ApiVersion;
  /**
   * Additional headers to include in the request.
   */
  headers?: Record<string, any>;
  /**
   * The total number of times to try the request if it fails.
   */
  tries?: number;
}
```

### ApiVersion

* October22

  ```ts
  2022-10
  ```

* January23

  ```ts
  2023-01
  ```

* April23

  ```ts
  2023-04
  ```

* July23

  ```ts
  2023-07
  ```

* October23

  ```ts
  2023-10
  ```

* January24

  ```ts
  2024-01
  ```

* April24

  ```ts
  2024-04
  ```

* Unstable

  ```ts
  unstable
  ```

```ts
export enum ApiVersion {
  October22 = '2022-10',
  January23 = '2023-01',
  April23 = '2023-04',
  July23 = '2023-07',
  October23 = '2023-10',
  January24 = '2024-01',
  April24 = '2024-04',
  Unstable = 'unstable',
}
```

Examples

### Examples

* #### Using the offline session

  ##### Description

  Get your app's shop-specific data using the returned offline \`session\` object.

  ##### app/routes/\*\*\\/.ts

  ```typescript
  import { LoaderFunctionArgs, json } from "@remix-run/node";
  import { unauthenticated } from "../shopify.server";
  import { getMyAppData } from "~/db/model.server";

  export const loader = async ({ request }: LoaderFunctionArgs) => {
    const shop = getShopFromExternalRequest(request);
    const { session } = await unauthenticated.storefront(shop);
    return json(await getMyAppData({shop: session.shop));
  };
  ```

* #### Querying the GraphQL API

  ##### Description

  Use \`storefront.graphql\` to make query / mutation requests.

  ##### app/routes/\*\*\\/.ts

  ```typescript
  import { json } from "@remix-run/node";
  import { authenticate } from "../shopify.server";

  export async function action({ request }: ActionFunctionArgs) {
    const { storefront } = await authenticate.public.appProxy(request);

    const response = await storefront.graphql(`{blogs(first: 10) { edges { node { id } } } }`);

    return json(await response.json());
  }
  ```

* #### Handling GraphQL errors

  ##### Description

  Catch \`GraphqlQueryError\` errors to see error messages from the API.

  ##### /app/routes/\*\*\\/\*.ts

  ```typescript
  import { ActionFunctionArgs } from "@remix-run/node";
  import { authenticate } from "../shopify.server";

  export const action = async ({ request }: ActionFunctionArgs) => {
    const { storefront } = await authenticate.public.appProxy(request);

    try {
      const response = await storefront.graphql(
        `#graphql
        query incorrectQuery {
          products(first: 10) {
            nodes {
              not_a_field
            }
          }
        }`,
      );

      return json({ data: await response.json() });
    } catch (error) {
      if (error instanceof GraphqlQueryError) {
        // { errors: { graphQLErrors: [
        //   { message: "Field 'not_a_field' doesn't exist on type 'Product'" }
        // ] } }
        return json({ errors: error.body?.errors }, { status: 500 });
      }
      return json({ message: "An error occurred" }, { status: 500 });
    }
  }
  ```

  ##### /app/shopify.server.ts

  ```typescript
  import { shopifyApp } from "@shopify/shopify-app-remix/server";

  const shopify = shopifyApp({
    // ...
  });
  export default shopify;
  export const authenticate = shopify.authenticate;
  ```

## Related

[Interact with the Storefront API. - API context](https://shopify.dev/docs/api/shopify-app-remix/apis/storefront-api)