> Warning: > > Private metafields were removed in GraphQL Admin API version `2024-01`. While some apps retain access until version `2025-01`, we recommend migrating to public metafields as soon as possible. Before [ownership](/docs/apps/build/custom-data/ownership) and [permissions](/docs/apps/build/custom-data/permissions) were introduced for metafields, the only way developers could create metafields that were private to their app was through private metafields. However, they have the following limitations: - Only accessible from the GraphQL Admin API - Limitation of 10 private metafields per resource - Don't support [metafield definitions](/docs/apps/build/custom-data/metafields/definitions) The following queries and mutations have been deprecated from the GraphQL Admin API: - [Creating a private metafield](/docs/api/admin-graphql/latest/mutations/privateMetafieldUpsert) - [Deleting a private metafield](/docs/api/admin-graphql/latest/mutations/privateMetafieldDelete) - [Querying for private metafields](/docs/api/admin-graphql/latest/queries/privateMetafields) ## App-owned metafields Regular metafields are “app-owned” if the metafield’s namespace contains your app's reserved namespace. An [app reserved namespace](/docs/apps/build/custom-data/ownership#reserved-prefixes) is a metafield namespace that's prefixed with your app’s API client ID. This looks like the following: `app--{your-app-id}--{some-namespace}` Instead of requiring knowledge of your API client ID in the request, your app can use the `$app` shorthand in front of the desired namespace to add the prefix. For example, if your app wanted to declare a metafield with the namespace `client_name`, you would pass in `$app:client_name` as the namespace when creating the metafield through the [`metafieldsSet`](/docs/api/admin-graphql/latest/mutations/metafieldsSet) mutation. As a result, when reading this metafield back, the namespace looks like the following example: `app--12345--client_name` A metafield that uses a reserved prefix will be private by default and not accessible to anyone but your app. However, you may want to specify some granularity to how accessible your metafield can be. ## Updating your GraphQL queries As of the `2023-01` API version, `private metafields` have been migrated to app-owned metafields with [reserved namespaces](/docs/apps/build/custom-data/ownership#reserved-prefixes). The following sections show you how to migrate your app to use the new metafields system. ### Querying app-owned metafields In API version 2023-10 and lower, you could retrieve private metafields using the following queries: <p> <div class="react-stacked-code-block ThemeMode-dim" data-preset="stacked"> <script data-option="title" data-value="POST https://{shop}.myshopify.com/admin/api/{api_version}/graphql.json"></script> <p> <div class="react-code-block" data-preset="basic"> <div class="react-code-block-preload ThemeMode-dim"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-bar basic-codeblock"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-placeholder-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> </div> </div> <script data-option="title" data-value="GraphQL queries"></script> <script type="text/plain" data-language="graphql"> RAW_MD_CONTENTquery privateMetafields{ privateMetafields(owner: "gid://shopify/Order/148977776", namespace: "some_namespace", first: 2) { edges { node { id key namespace value } } } } query privateMetafieldsFromResource{ product(id: "gid://shopify/Product/108828309") { title privateMetafields(namespace: "some_namespace", first: 5) { edges { node { namespace key value } } } } } query privateMetafieldFromResource{ product(id: "gid://shopify/Product/108828309") { title privateMetafield(namespace: "some_namespace", key: "some_key") { namespace key value } } } END_RAW_MD_CONTENT</script> </div> </p> </div> </p> As of the `2023-01` API version, you can use the following queries (for types implementing [`hasMetafields`](/docs/api/admin-graphql/latest/interfaces/HasMetafields)) with the `$app:` shorthand followed by your private metafield's namespace: <p> <div class="react-stacked-code-block ThemeMode-dim" data-preset="stacked"> <script data-option="title" data-value="POST https://{shop}.myshopify.com/admin/api/{api_version}/graphql.json"></script> <p> <div class="react-code-block" data-preset="basic"> <div class="react-code-block-preload ThemeMode-dim"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-bar basic-codeblock"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-placeholder-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> </div> </div> <script data-option="title" data-value="GraphQL queries"></script> <script type="text/plain" data-language="graphql"> RAW_MD_CONTENTquery metafieldsFromResource{ product(id: "gid://shopify/Product/108828309") { title metafields(namespace: "$app:some_namespace", first: 5) { edges { node { namespace key value } } } } } query metafieldFromResource{ product(id: "gid://shopify/Product/108828309") { title metafield(namespace: "$app:some_namespace", key: "some_key") { namespace key value } } } END_RAW_MD_CONTENT</script> </div> </p> </div> </p> Both the [`metafield`](/docs/api/admin-graphql/latest/interfaces/HasMetafields#field-hasmetafields-metafield) and [`metafields`](/docs/api/admin-graphql/latest/interfaces/HasMetafields#connection-hasmetafields-metafields) query above under `product` (or other resource implementing [`hasMetafields`](/docs/api/admin-graphql/latest/interfaces/HasMetafields)) will filter through your app-owned metafields matching the specified namespace: `app-{your-app-id}--some_namespace` for that product. The [`metafields`](/docs/api/admin-graphql/latest/interfaces/HasMetafields#connection-hasmetafields-metafields) query returns a paginated list of metafields whilst [`metafield`](/docs/api/admin-graphql/latest/interfaces/HasMetafields#field-hasmetafields-metafield) returns a single metafield by also matching against a specified `key`. As of the `unstable` API version, you can also use the [`metafields`](/docs/api/admin-graphql/unstable/queries/metafields) query with the `$app:` shorthand: <p> <div class="react-stacked-code-block ThemeMode-dim" data-preset="stacked"> <script data-option="title" data-value="POST https://{shop}.myshopify.com/admin/api/unstable/graphql.json"></script> <p> <div class="react-code-block" data-preset="basic"> <div class="react-code-block-preload ThemeMode-dim"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-bar basic-codeblock"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-placeholder-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> </div> </div> <script data-option="title" data-value="GraphQL query"></script> <script type="text/plain" data-language="graphql"> RAW_MD_CONTENTquery metafields{ metafields(owner: "gid://shopify/Order/148977776", namespace: "$app:some_namespace", first: 2) { edges { node { key namespace value } } } } END_RAW_MD_CONTENT</script> </div> </p> </div> </p> ### Creating and updating app-owned metafields In API version `2023-10` and lower, you could create or update private metafields using the following mutation: <p> <div class="react-stacked-code-block ThemeMode-dim" data-preset="stacked"> <script data-option="title" data-value="POST https://{shop}.myshopify.com/admin/api/{api_version}/graphql.json"></script> <p> <div class="react-code-block" data-preset="basic"> <div class="react-code-block-preload ThemeMode-dim"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-bar basic-codeblock"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-placeholder-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> </div> </div> <script data-option="title" data-value="GraphQL mutation"></script> <script type="text/plain" data-language="graphql"> RAW_MD_CONTENTmutation privateMetafieldUpsert($input: PrivateMetafieldInput!) { privateMetafieldUpsert(input: $input) { privateMetafield { id namespace key value valueType } userErrors { field message } } } END_RAW_MD_CONTENT</script> </div> </p> <p> <div class="react-code-block" data-preset="basic"> <div class="react-code-block-preload ThemeMode-dim"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-bar basic-codeblock"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-placeholder-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> </div> </div> <script data-option="title" data-value="Variables"></script> <script type="text/plain" data-language="json"> RAW_MD_CONTENT{ "input": { "key": "some_key", "namespace": "some_namespace", "owner": "gid://shopify/Product/1", "valueInput": { "value": "some_value", "valueType": "STRING" } } } END_RAW_MD_CONTENT</script> </div> </p> </div> </p> As of the `2023-01` API version, you can create or update an app-owned metafield with the [`metafieldsSet`](/docs/api/admin-graphql/latest/mutations/metafieldsSet) mutation and use the `$app:` shorthand followed by the desired namespace: <p> <div class="react-stacked-code-block ThemeMode-dim" data-preset="stacked"> <script data-option="title" data-value="POST https://{shop}.myshopify.com/admin/api/{api_version}/graphql.json"></script> <p> <div class="react-code-block" data-preset="basic"> <div class="react-code-block-preload ThemeMode-dim"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-bar basic-codeblock"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-placeholder-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> </div> </div> <script data-option="title" data-value="GraphQL mutation"></script> <script type="text/plain" data-language="graphql"> RAW_MD_CONTENTmutation metafieldsSet($metafields: [MetafieldsSetInput!]!) { metafieldsSet(metafields: $metafields) { metafields { id namespace key } userErrors { field message } } } END_RAW_MD_CONTENT</script> </div> </p> <p> <div class="react-code-block" data-preset="basic"> <div class="react-code-block-preload ThemeMode-dim"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-bar basic-codeblock"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-placeholder-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> </div> </div> <script data-option="title" data-value="Variables"></script> <script type="text/plain" data-language="json"> RAW_MD_CONTENT{ "metafields": [ { "key": "some_key", "namespace": "$app:some_namespace", "ownerId": "gid://shopify/Product/7886147092734", "type": "single_line_text_field", "value": "some_value" } ] } END_RAW_MD_CONTENT</script> </div> </p> </div> </p> The [`metafieldsSet`](/docs/api/admin-graphql/latest/mutations/metafieldsSet) mutation takes an array of [`MetafieldsSetInput`](/docs/api/admin-graphql/latest/input-objects/MetafieldsSetInput) allowing you to create or update more than one app-owned metafield. ### Deleting app-owned metafields In API version `2023-10` and lower, you could delete private metafields using the following mutation: <p> <div class="react-stacked-code-block ThemeMode-dim" data-preset="stacked"> <script data-option="title" data-value="POST https://{shop}.myshopify.com/admin/api/{api_version}/graphql.json"></script> <p> <div class="react-code-block" data-preset="basic"> <div class="react-code-block-preload ThemeMode-dim"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-bar basic-codeblock"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-placeholder-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> </div> </div> <script data-option="title" data-value="GraphQL mutation"></script> <script type="text/plain" data-language="graphql"> RAW_MD_CONTENTmutation privateMetafieldDelete($input: PrivateMetafieldDeleteInput!) { privateMetafieldDelete(input: $input) { deletedPrivateMetafieldId userErrors { field message } } } END_RAW_MD_CONTENT</script> </div> </p> <p> <div class="react-code-block" data-preset="basic"> <div class="react-code-block-preload ThemeMode-dim"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-bar basic-codeblock"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-placeholder-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> </div> </div> <script data-option="title" data-value="Variables"></script> <script type="text/plain" data-language="json"> RAW_MD_CONTENT{ "input": { "key": "some_key", "namespace": "some_namespace", "owner": "gid://shopify/Product/7886147092734" } } END_RAW_MD_CONTENT</script> </div> </p> </div> </p> As of the `2023-01` API version, you can use the `id` of your app-owned metafield to delete it using the [`metafieldDelete`](/docs/api/admin-graphql/latest/mutations/metafieldDelete) mutation: <p> <div class="react-stacked-code-block ThemeMode-dim" data-preset="stacked"> <script data-option="title" data-value="POST https://{shop}.myshopify.com/admin/api/{api_version}/graphql.json"></script> <p> <div class="react-code-block" data-preset="basic"> <div class="react-code-block-preload ThemeMode-dim"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-bar basic-codeblock"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-placeholder-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> </div> </div> <script data-option="title" data-value="GraphQL mutation"></script> <script type="text/plain" data-language="graphql"> RAW_MD_CONTENTmutation metafieldDelete($input: MetafieldDeleteInput!) { metafieldDelete(input: $input) { deletedId userErrors { field message } } } END_RAW_MD_CONTENT</script> </div> </p> <p> <div class="react-code-block" data-preset="basic"> <div class="react-code-block-preload ThemeMode-dim"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-bar basic-codeblock"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-placeholder-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> </div> </div> <script data-option="title" data-value="Variables"></script> <script type="text/plain" data-language="json"> RAW_MD_CONTENT{ "input": { "id": "gid://shopify/Metafield/9936147092734" } } END_RAW_MD_CONTENT</script> </div> </p> </div> </p> ## Webhook subscription payloads with app-owned metafields If you previously had webhook subscriptions that returned the associated private metafields by namespace, then you can create new ones to return your app-owned metafields. The following mutations are available to create webhook subscriptions: - [`webhookSubscriptionCreate`](/docs/api/admin-graphql/latest/mutations/webhookSubscriptionCreate) - [`eventBridgeWebhookSubscriptionCreate`](/docs/api/admin-graphql/latest/mutations/eventBridgeWebhookSubscriptionCreate) - [`pubSubWebhookSubscriptionCreate`](/docs/api/admin-graphql/latest/mutations/pubSubWebhookSubscriptionCreate) In API version `2023-10` and lower, you could use the `privateMetafieldNamespaces` to filter by the private metafield namespace: <p> <div class="react-stacked-code-block ThemeMode-dim" data-preset="stacked"> <script data-option="title" data-value="POST https://{shop}.myshopify.com/admin/api/{api_version}/graphql.json"></script> <p> <div class="react-code-block" data-preset="basic"> <div class="react-code-block-preload ThemeMode-dim"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-bar basic-codeblock"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-placeholder-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> </div> </div> <script data-option="title" data-value="GraphQL mutation"></script> <script type="text/plain" data-language="graphql"> RAW_MD_CONTENTmutation webhookSubscriptionCreate($topic: WebhookSubscriptionTopic!, $webhookSubscription: WebhookSubscriptionInput!) { webhookSubscriptionCreate(topic: $topic, webhookSubscription: $webhookSubscription) { userErrors { field message } webhookSubscription { id topic } } } END_RAW_MD_CONTENT</script> </div> </p> <p> <div class="react-code-block" data-preset="basic"> <div class="react-code-block-preload ThemeMode-dim"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-bar basic-codeblock"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-placeholder-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> </div> </div> <script data-option="title" data-value="Variables"></script> <script type="text/plain" data-language="json"> RAW_MD_CONTENT{ "topic": "PRODUCTS_UPDATE", "webhookSubscription": { "callbackUrl": "https://some-url.com", "format": "JSON", "includeFields": [ "" ], "privateMetafieldNamespaces": [ "some_namespace" ] } } END_RAW_MD_CONTENT</script> </div> </p> </div> </p> As of the `2023-01` API version, you can use the `$app:` shorthand followed by the namespace under `metafieldNamespaces`: <p> <div class="react-stacked-code-block ThemeMode-dim" data-preset="stacked"> <script data-option="title" data-value="POST https://{shop}.myshopify.com/admin/api/{api_version}/graphql.json"></script> <p> <div class="react-code-block" data-preset="basic"> <div class="react-code-block-preload ThemeMode-dim"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-bar basic-codeblock"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-placeholder-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> </div> </div> <script data-option="title" data-value="GraphQL mutation"></script> <script type="text/plain" data-language="graphql"> RAW_MD_CONTENTmutation webhookSubscriptionCreate($topic: WebhookSubscriptionTopic!, $webhookSubscription: WebhookSubscriptionInput!) { webhookSubscriptionCreate(topic: $topic, webhookSubscription: $webhookSubscription) { userErrors { field message } webhookSubscription { id topic } } } END_RAW_MD_CONTENT</script> </div> </p> <p> <div class="react-code-block" data-preset="basic"> <div class="react-code-block-preload ThemeMode-dim"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-bar basic-codeblock"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-placeholder-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-code-container"> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline-number"></div> <div class="react-code-block-preload-codeline"></div> </div> </div> </div> <script data-option="title" data-value="Variables"></script> <script type="text/plain" data-language="json"> RAW_MD_CONTENT{ "topic": "PRODUCTS_UPDATE", "webhookSubscription": { "callbackUrl": "https://some-url.com", "format": "JSON", "includeFields": [ "" ], "metafieldNamespaces": [ "$app:some_namespace" ] } } END_RAW_MD_CONTENT</script> </div> </p> </div> </p> ## Metafield access controls Since the `2021-10` API release, developers can define the metafields they want to use on a resource by creating a [metafield definition](/docs/apps/build/custom-data/metafields/definitions). Metafield definitions provide developers with validation options on the data stored, the ability to reserve a namespace/key on the resource it’s defined on and metadata about the field such as name and description. In the `2023-01` API release, metafield definitions now offer a new input field named `access` that allows developers to specify the granularity in which the data stored in the metafield is exposed. There are three levels of access: <table> <tr> <th>Access Setting</th> <th>Description</th> </tr> <tr> <td>PRIVATE</td> <td>Only the app that owns a metaobject of this type can read and write to it.</td> </tr> <tr> <td>MERCHANT_READ</td> <td>Apps that act on behalf of the app user (such as the admin) can read metaobjects of this type.<br><br>Only the owning app can write to metaobjects of this type.</td> </tr> <tr> <td>MERCHANT_READ_WRITE</td> <td>Both the owning app and apps that act on behalf of the appuser (such as the admin) can read or write to metaobjects of this type.<br><br>No other applications can read or write metaobjects.</td> </tr> </table> By default, metafields defined by apps under [namespaces that they own](/docs/apps/build/custom-data/ownership) (meaning that the namespace contains the app's reserved prefix) will be private to the app. Similar to app-data metafields, after a metafield is defined, reading and writing to it is the same as other regular metafields.